Review on Antimicrobial Agents

The fungus is a eukaryotic organism which is classified as a separate kingdom from plants, animals and bacteria. The fungus kingdom is divided into one subkingdom, seven phyla, and ten subphyla having a vast diversity of taxa with varied ecologies, life cycle strategies, and morphologies ranging from single-celled aquatic hybrids to large mushrooms. They are omnipresent, comprising an estimated 250,000 species, of which only about 150 have reported to cause disease in humans. 3-5 Fungi contain unicellular, multinucleate, and multicellular forms and are classified on the basis of their reproductive spores and the nature of hyphae. They divide sexually or asexually or by both ways [1]. Fungi are almost entirely multicellular with exception of yeast Saccharomyces Cerviseae which is prominent unicellular fungus. Fungi are heterotrophic, deriving their energy from another organism, whether alive or dead. Fungi are eukaryotic protista differing from bacteria in many ways, as they posse’s rigid cell wall containing chitin, manna, other polysaccharides and their cytoplasm membrane contains sterol. The major difference between fungal cells and plant cell is that fungal cell walls contain chitin, while plants contain cellulose [2-4].